Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
As of today (2024-05-04), the stock price of Pall is €112.19. Pall's graham number for the quarter that ended in Apr. 2015 was €23.10. Therefore, Pall's Price to Graham Number ratio for today is 4.86.
The historical rank and industry rank for Pall's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
FRA:PA5'
s Price-to-Graham-Number Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: 1.61 Med: 2.38 Max: 4.8
Current: 4.8
During the past 13 years, the highest Price to Graham Number ratio of Pall was 4.80. The lowest was 1.61. And the median was 2.38.
FRA:PA5's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked
in the Industrial Products industry.
Industry Median: 1.54
vs FRA:PA5: 4.80
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Pall Graham Number Historical Data
The historical data trend for Pall's Graham Number can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
For the Specialty Industrial Machinery subindustry, Pall's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Pall's Price-to-Graham-Number Distribution in the Industrial Products Industry
For the Industrial Products industry and Industrials sector, Pall's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Pall's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
Pall Graham Number Calculation
Graham Number is a concept based on Ben Graham's conservative valuation of companies.
Pall's Graham Number for the fiscal year that ended in Jul. 2014 is calculated as
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Pall (FRA:PA5) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Pall's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Apr. 2015 )
=
112.19
/
23.10
=
4.86
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Pall Graham Number Related Terms
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Pall's Graham Number provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Pall Corporation is a New York corporation incorporated on July 31, 1946. The Company supplies filtration, separation and purification technologies. Its products are used to remove solid, liquid and gaseous contaminants from a variety of liquids and gases. Its serves its customers through two businesses: Life Sciences and Industrial. The Life Sciences business group is engaged in developing, manufacturing and selling products to customers in the BioPharmaceutical, Food & Beverage and Medical markets. The Industrial business group is engaged in developing, manufacturing and selling products to customers in the Process Technologies, Aerospace and Microelectronics markets. The Life Sciences technologies facilitate the process of drug discovery, development, regulatory validation and production, and are used in research laboratories, and the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. It also supplies products and technologies for food and beverage industries and in hospitals at the point of patient care. The Industrial segment provides enabling and process-enhancing technologies throughout the industrial marketplace. These include the Process Technologies, Aerospace and Microelectronics markets. It has the capability to provide customers with integrated solutions using its proprietary consumable filtration products for their process fluids. The Company's competition varies by product and application. Its competitors in the BioPharmaceuticals market include Merck Millipore (a division of Merck KGaA), The Sartorius Group and GE Healthcare (a unit of General Electric Company ("GE")). Its competitors in the Food & Beverage market include 3M Purification, Pentair, Inc., Filtrox Group, The Sartorius Group, Eaton Corporation and Parker Domnick Hunter (a division of Parker Hannifin). Its competitors in the Medical market include Merck Millipore, GE Healthcare, Teleflex Incorporated, Covidien plc and Intersurgical, Ltd. Its competitors in the Process Technologies market include CLARCOR Inc., Donaldson Company, Inc., Parker Hannifin Corporation, HYDAC International GmbH, GE Infrastructure (a unit of GE), Pentair, Inc., 3M Purification, U.S. Filter (a unit of Siemens AG) and ESCO Technologies Inc. Its competitors in the Aerospace market include Donaldson Company, Inc. and ESCO Technologies Inc. Its competitors in the Microelectronics market include Entegris, Inc., Parker Hannifin Corporation and Mott Corporation. The Company is subject to competition in all of the global markets in which it operates.
Quick Browse
Personalize
Premium Gurus 
Create New Portfolio
Portfolio Contest
FRA:PA5 has been successfully added to your 