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Kalray (XPAR:ALKAL) Beneish M-Score : -1.50 (As of May. 18, 2024)


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What is Kalray Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Warning Sign:

Beneish M-Score -1.5 higher than -1.78, which implies that the company might have manipulated its financial results.

The historical rank and industry rank for Kalray's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

XPAR:ALKAL' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -3.5   Med: -2.64   Max: 7.33
Current: -1.5

During the past 9 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Kalray was 7.33. The lowest was -3.50. And the median was -2.64.


Kalray Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Kalray's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Kalray Beneish M-Score Chart

Kalray Annual Data
Trend Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only -2.48 -3.50 -2.79 7.33 -1.50

Kalray Semi-Annual Data
Dec16 Jun17 Dec17 Jun18 Dec18 Jun19 Dec19 Jun20 Dec20 Jun21 Dec21 Jun22 Dec22 Jun23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.79 - 7.33 - -1.50

Competitive Comparison of Kalray's Beneish M-Score

For the Semiconductors subindustry, Kalray's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Kalray's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Semiconductors Industry

For the Semiconductors industry and Technology sector, Kalray's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Kalray's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Kalray Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Kalray for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.8395+0.528 * 1.1208+0.404 * 1.2082+0.892 * 1.5736+0.115 * 1.1582
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.9895+4.679 * -0.118584-0.327 * 0.7313
=-1.50

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was €11.07 Mil.
Revenue was €25.83 Mil.
Gross Profit was €29.66 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €32.44 Mil.
Total Assets was €80.52 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €5.54 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €15.15 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €1.10 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €19.20 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €3.27 Mil.
Net Income was €-11.69 Mil.
Gross Profit was €0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was €-2.15 Mil.
Total Receivables was €3.82 Mil.
Revenue was €16.41 Mil.
Gross Profit was €21.13 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €46.41 Mil.
Total Assets was €88.05 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €3.13 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €17.50 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €0.71 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €26.94 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €6.67 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(11.066 / 25.829) / (3.823 / 16.414)
=0.428433 / 0.232911
=1.8395

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(21.127 / 16.414) / (29.661 / 25.829)
=1.287133 / 1.14836
=1.1208

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (32.437 + 5.537) / 80.517) / (1 - (46.411 + 3.131) / 88.045)
=0.528373 / 0.43731
=1.2082

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=25.829 / 16.414
=1.5736

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(17.504 / (17.504 + 3.131)) / (15.154 / (15.154 + 5.537))
=0.848268 / 0.732396
=1.1582

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(1.104 / 25.829) / (0.709 / 16.414)
=0.042743 / 0.043195
=0.9895

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((3.271 + 19.202) / 80.517) / ((6.665 + 26.937) / 88.045)
=0.279109 / 0.381646
=0.7313

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-11.694 - 0 - -2.146) / 80.517
=-0.118584

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Kalray has a M-score of -1.50 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.


Kalray (XPAR:ALKAL) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
180 Avenue de l’Europe, Montbonnot, Saint Martin, FRA, 38330
Kalray SA is engaged in developing large-scale core processor solutions that offer high performance, low power consumption and real-time processing. Its MPPA processor family, based on its patented supercomputing on a chip many-core technology, delivers differentiated solutions for server acceleration and data center optimization, as well as for critical embedded applications in aerospace, defense and automotive.

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