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Volcan Compania MineraA (XMAD:XVOLB) Beneish M-Score : -3.67 (As of May. 09, 2024)


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What is Volcan Compania MineraA Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -3.67 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Volcan Compania MineraA's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

XMAD:XVOLB' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -4.62   Med: -3.14   Max: -1.41
Current: -3.67

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Volcan Compania MineraA was -1.41. The lowest was -4.62. And the median was -3.14.


Volcan Compania MineraA Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Volcan Compania MineraA's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Volcan Compania MineraA Beneish M-Score Chart

Volcan Compania MineraA Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -3.15 -1.41 -3.83 -3.12 -3.67

Volcan Compania MineraA Quarterly Data
Mar19 Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -3.12 -2.97 -2.20 -2.79 -3.67

Competitive Comparison of Volcan Compania MineraA's Beneish M-Score

For the Other Industrial Metals & Mining subindustry, Volcan Compania MineraA's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Volcan Compania MineraA's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Metals & Mining Industry

For the Metals & Mining industry and Basic Materials sector, Volcan Compania MineraA's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Volcan Compania MineraA's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Volcan Compania MineraA Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Volcan Compania MineraA for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.1315+0.528 * 1.0958+0.404 * 1.043+0.892 * 0.9074+0.115 * 1
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 0.7608+4.679 * -0.139363-0.327 * 3.233
=-3.71

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was €88.3 Mil.
Revenue was 200.668 + 215.356 + 196.901 + 206.5 = €819.4 Mil.
Gross Profit was 37.101 + 42.638 + 22.819 + 43.797 = €146.4 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €190.7 Mil.
Total Assets was €1,719.5 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €1,244.8 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €0.0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €49.8 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €403.6 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €612.1 Mil.
Net Income was 0.883 + 0.092 + -10.929 + 0.744 = €-9.2 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = €0.0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was 78.584 + 75.591 + 29.67 + 46.585 = €230.4 Mil.
Total Receivables was €86.0 Mil.
Revenue was 222.653 + 225.016 + 201.704 + 253.694 = €903.1 Mil.
Gross Profit was 34.639 + 31.521 + 26.641 + 83.953 = €176.8 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €212.1 Mil.
Total Assets was €1,865.2 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €1,357.7 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €0.0 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €72.1 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €340.8 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €0.0 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(88.292 / 819.425) / (85.994 / 903.067)
=0.107749 / 0.095224
=1.1315

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(176.754 / 903.067) / (146.355 / 819.425)
=0.195726 / 0.178607
=1.0958

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (190.696 + 1244.783) / 1719.535) / (1 - (212.087 + 1357.743) / 1865.238)
=0.165193 / 0.158375
=1.043

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=819.425 / 903.067
=0.9074

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(0 / (0 + 1357.743)) / (0 / (0 + 1244.783))
=0 / 0
=1

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(49.784 / 819.425) / (72.112 / 903.067)
=0.060755 / 0.079852
=0.7608

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((612.137 + 403.573) / 1719.535) / ((0 + 340.787) / 1865.238)
=0.590689 / 0.182704
=3.233

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-9.21 - 0 - 230.43) / 1719.535
=-0.139363

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Volcan Compania MineraA has a M-score of -3.71 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Volcan Compania MineraA Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Volcan Compania MineraA (XMAD:XVOLB) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
Avenida Manuel Olguin 373, Santiago de Surco, Lima, PER
Volcan Compania Minera SAA is a Peruvian mining company. All of its operations are located in the central mountains of the Peruvian Andes, which include operating units such as Yauli, Chungar, Alpamarca, and Cerro de Pasco. These four operating units include a total of 10 mines, seven concentrator plants, and an oxide leaching plant. Zinc constitutes the largest contribution to consolidated revenue, and with silver, makes up the vast majority of sales. In addition to the zinc and silver business, the company also mines lead, copper, and gold.

Volcan Compania MineraA (XMAD:XVOLB) Headlines

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