East Buy Holding Beneish M-Score Historical Data
The historical data trend for East Buy Holding's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
East Buy Holding Beneish M-Score Chart
|
East Buy Holding Annual Data
|
|
Trend |
May16 |
May17 |
May18 |
May19 |
May20 |
May21 |
May22 |
May23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
|
Get a 7-Day Free Trial
|
-2.62 |
-3.00 |
-3.72 |
-0.57 |
2.76 |
|
East Buy Holding Semi-Annual Data
|
|
May16 |
May17 |
Nov17 |
May18 |
Nov18 |
May19 |
Nov19 |
May20 |
Nov20 |
May21 |
Nov21 |
May22 |
Nov22 |
May23 |
Nov23 |
| Beneish M-Score |
Get a 7-Day Free Trial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- |
-0.57 |
- |
2.76 |
- |
Competitive Comparison of East Buy Holding's Beneish M-Score
For the Education & Training Services subindustry, East Buy Holding's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
East Buy Holding's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Education Industry
For the Education industry and Consumer Defensive sector, East Buy Holding's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where East Buy Holding's Beneish M-Score falls into.
East Buy Holding Beneish M-Score Calculation
The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.
The M-Score Variables:
The M-score of East Buy Holding for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:
| M | = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * DSRI | + | 0.528 * GMI | + | 0.404 * AQI | + | 0.892 * SGI | + | 0.115 * DEPI |
| = | -4.84 | + | 0.92 * 0.8688 | + | 0.528 * 1.5016 | + | 0.404 * 0.6126 | + | 0.892 * 7.1912 | + | 0.115 * 1.5301 |
| - | 0.172 * SGAI | + | 4.679 * TATA | - | 0.327 * LVGI |
| - | 0.172 * 0.213 | + | 4.679 * -0.076083 | - | 0.327 * 1.3496 |
| = | 2.76 |
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
| This Year (May23) TTM: | Last Year (May22) TTM: |
Total Receivables was HK$224 Mil.
Revenue was HK$5,060 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$2,193 Mil.
Total Current Assets was HK$3,856 Mil.
Total Assets was HK$4,323 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was HK$100 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was HK$51 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was HK$869 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was HK$1,154 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was HK$20 Mil.
Net Income was HK$1,090 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was HK$1,419 Mil.
|
Total Receivables was HK$36 Mil.
Revenue was HK$704 Mil.
Gross Profit was HK$458 Mil.
Total Current Assets was HK$1,982 Mil.
Total Assets was HK$2,413 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was HK$97 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was HK$105 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was HK$567 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was HK$461 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was HK$25 Mil.
|
1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index
Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.
A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.
| DSRI | = | (Receivables_t / Revenue_t) | / | (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) |
| = | (223.608 / 5059.845) | / | (35.792 / 703.617) |
| = | 0.044193 | / | 0.050869 |
| | = | 0.8688 |
2. GMI = Gross Margin Index
Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.
Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.
| GMI | = | GrossMargin_t-1 | / | GrossMargin_t |
| = | (GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) | / | (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t) |
| = | (457.949 / 703.617) | / | (2193.162 / 5059.845) |
| = | 0.65085 | / | 0.433445 |
| | = | 1.5016 |
3. AQI = Asset Quality Index
AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.
Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.
| AQI | = | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | (1 - (3856.063 + 99.871) / 4322.821) | / | (1 - (1981.853 + 96.766) / 2412.924) |
| = | 0.084872 | / | 0.138548 |
| | = | 0.6126 |
4. SGI = Sales Growth Index
Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.
Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.
| SGI | = | Sales_t | / | Sales_t-1 |
| = | Revenue_t | / | Revenue_t-1 |
| = | 5059.845 | / | 703.617 |
| | = | 7.1912 |
5. DEPI = Depreciation Index
Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.
DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.
| DEPI | = | (Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) | / | (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t)) |
| = | (104.557 / (104.557 + 96.766)) | / | (51.314 / (51.314 + 99.871)) |
| = | 0.51935 | / | 0.339412 |
| | = | 1.5301 |
Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.
6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index
The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.
SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.
| SGAI | = | (SGA_t / Sales_t) | / | (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1) |
| = | (868.939 / 5059.845) | / | (567.39 / 703.617) |
| = | 0.171732 | / | 0.80639 |
| | = | 0.213 |
7. LVGI = Leverage Index
The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.
An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage
| LVGI | = | ((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) | / | ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1) |
| = | ((20.108 + 1154.299) / 4322.821) | / | ((24.886 + 460.848) / 2412.924) |
| = | 0.271676 | / | 0.201305 |
| | = | 1.3496 |
8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets
Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.
| TATA | = | (IncomefromContinuingOperations_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t | - | CashFlowsfromOperations_t) | / | TotalAssets_t |
| = | (1089.739 - 0 | - | 1418.633) | / | 4322.821 |
| | = | -0.076083 |
An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
East Buy Holding has a M-score of 2.76 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.
Quick Browse
Personalize
Premium Gurus 
Create New Portfolio
Portfolio Contest
HKSE:01797 has been successfully added to your