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Deutsche Lufthansa AG (BSE:LHA) Beneish M-Score : -2.89 (As of May. 11, 2024)


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What is Deutsche Lufthansa AG Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -2.89 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for Deutsche Lufthansa AG's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

BSE:LHA' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -4.03   Med: -2.72   Max: 1.89
Current: -2.89

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of Deutsche Lufthansa AG was 1.89. The lowest was -4.03. And the median was -2.72.


Deutsche Lufthansa AG Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for Deutsche Lufthansa AG's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

Deutsche Lufthansa AG Beneish M-Score Chart

Deutsche Lufthansa AG Annual Data
Trend Dec14 Dec15 Dec16 Dec17 Dec18 Dec19 Dec20 Dec21 Dec22 Dec23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only -2.66 -4.03 1.89 -3.25 -2.89

Deutsche Lufthansa AG Quarterly Data
Jun19 Sep19 Dec19 Mar20 Jun20 Sep20 Dec20 Mar21 Jun21 Sep21 Dec21 Mar22 Jun22 Sep22 Dec22 Mar23 Jun23 Sep23 Dec23 Mar24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - - - -2.89 -

Competitive Comparison of Deutsche Lufthansa AG's Beneish M-Score

For the Airlines subindustry, Deutsche Lufthansa AG's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


Deutsche Lufthansa AG's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Transportation Industry

For the Transportation industry and Industrials sector, Deutsche Lufthansa AG's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where Deutsche Lufthansa AG's Beneish M-Score falls into.



Deutsche Lufthansa AG Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of Deutsche Lufthansa AG for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 0.8307+0.528 * 0.8891+0.404 * 0.9733+0.892 * 1.181+0.115 * 1.0872
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 1.0267+4.679 * -0.072196-0.327 * 0.9508
=-2.86

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Dec23) TTM:Last Year (Dec22) TTM:
Total Receivables was lei21,343 Mil.
Revenue was lei178,613 Mil.
Gross Profit was lei26,412 Mil.
Total Current Assets was lei78,361 Mil.
Total Assets was lei228,399 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was lei115,029 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was lei12,055 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was lei5,342 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was lei99,532 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was lei55,713 Mil.
Net Income was lei8,431 Mil.
Gross Profit was lei0 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was lei24,921 Mil.
Total Receivables was lei21,755 Mil.
Revenue was lei151,245 Mil.
Gross Profit was lei19,885 Mil.
Total Current Assets was lei74,680 Mil.
Total Assets was lei212,144 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was lei104,053 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was lei11,964 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was lei4,406 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was lei86,689 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was lei64,963 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(21342.659 / 178613.109) / (21755.371 / 151244.869)
=0.119491 / 0.143842
=0.8307

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(19885.31 / 151244.869) / (26412.485 / 178613.109)
=0.131478 / 0.147875
=0.8891

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (78360.567 + 115028.616) / 228399.207) / (1 - (74680.061 + 104052.749) / 212144.243)
=0.153284 / 0.157494
=0.9733

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=178613.109 / 151244.869
=1.181

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(11964.475 / (11964.475 + 104052.749)) / (12054.697 / (12054.697 + 115028.616))
=0.103127 / 0.094857
=1.0872

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(5341.964 / 178613.109) / (4405.903 / 151244.869)
=0.029908 / 0.029131
=1.0267

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((55712.655 + 99531.88) / 228399.207) / ((64962.596 + 86688.595) / 212144.243)
=0.679707 / 0.714849
=0.9508

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(8431.232 - 0 - 24920.767) / 228399.207
=-0.072196

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Deutsche Lufthansa AG has a M-score of -2.86 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


Deutsche Lufthansa AG Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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Deutsche Lufthansa AG (BSE:LHA) Business Description

Address
Lufthansa Aviation Center, Airportring, Frankfurt, HE, DEU, 60546
Deutsche Lufthansa AG is a European airline group. The company's segment includes Passenger Airlines; Logistics; MRO and Catering. It generates maximum revenue from the Passenger Airlines segment. The Passenger Airlines segment comprises Lufthansa German Airlines, SWISS, Austrian Airlines, Brussels Airlines, and Eurowings, including the equity interest in SunExpress. Geographically, it derives a majority of its revenue from Europe.

Deutsche Lufthansa AG (BSE:LHA) Headlines

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