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01 Communique Laboratory (FRA:DFK) Beneish M-Score : -7.20 (As of May. 02, 2024)


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What is 01 Communique Laboratory Beneish M-Score?

The zones of discrimination for M-Score is as such:

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.
An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

Good Sign:

Beneish M-Score -7.2 no higher than -1.78, which implies that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.

The historical rank and industry rank for 01 Communique Laboratory's Beneish M-Score or its related term are showing as below:

FRA:DFK' s Beneish M-Score Range Over the Past 10 Years
Min: -17.36   Med: -3.74   Max: 12.44
Current: -7.2

During the past 13 years, the highest Beneish M-Score of 01 Communique Laboratory was 12.44. The lowest was -17.36. And the median was -3.74.


01 Communique Laboratory Beneish M-Score Historical Data

The historical data trend for 01 Communique Laboratory's Beneish M-Score can be seen below:

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

* Premium members only.

01 Communique Laboratory Beneish M-Score Chart

01 Communique Laboratory Annual Data
Trend Oct14 Oct15 Oct16 Oct17 Oct18 Oct19 Oct20 Oct21 Oct22 Oct23
Beneish M-Score
Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - - - - -7.81

01 Communique Laboratory Quarterly Data
Apr19 Jul19 Oct19 Jan20 Apr20 Jul20 Oct20 Jan21 Apr21 Jul21 Oct21 Jan22 Apr22 Jul22 Oct22 Jan23 Apr23 Jul23 Oct23 Jan24
Beneish M-Score Get a 7-Day Free Trial Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only Premium Member Only - -3.74 -3.81 -7.81 -7.20

Competitive Comparison of 01 Communique Laboratory's Beneish M-Score

For the Software - Application subindustry, 01 Communique Laboratory's Beneish M-Score, along with its competitors' market caps and Beneish M-Score data, can be viewed below:

* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.


01 Communique Laboratory's Beneish M-Score Distribution in the Software Industry

For the Software industry and Technology sector, 01 Communique Laboratory's Beneish M-Score distribution charts can be found below:

* The bar in red indicates where 01 Communique Laboratory's Beneish M-Score falls into.



01 Communique Laboratory Beneish M-Score Calculation

The M-score was created by Professor Messod Beneish. Instead of measuring the bankruptcy risk (Altman Z-Score) or business trend (Piotroski F-Score), M-score can be used to detect the risk of earnings manipulation. This is the original research paper on M-score.

The M-Score Variables:

The M-score of 01 Communique Laboratory for today is based on a combination of the following eight different indices:

M=-4.84+0.92 * DSRI+0.528 * GMI+0.404 * AQI+0.892 * SGI+0.115 * DEPI
=-4.84+0.92 * 1.5319+0.528 * 1.7409+0.404 * 0+0.892 * 0.4591+0.115 * 0.5889
-0.172 * SGAI+4.679 * TATA-0.327 * LVGI
-0.172 * 2.3698+4.679 * -0.922747-0.327 * 1.282
=-7.18

* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD.
* For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.

This Year (Jan24) TTM:Last Year (Jan23) TTM:
Total Receivables was €0.06 Mil.
Revenue was 0.067 + 0.093 + 0.073 + 0.087 = €0.32 Mil.
Gross Profit was 0.02 + 0.041 + 0.025 + 0.039 = €0.13 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €0.22 Mil.
Total Assets was €0.23 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €0.02 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €0.04 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €0.14 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €0.09 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €0.00 Mil.
Net Income was -0.077 + -0.116 + -0.082 + -0.126 = €-0.40 Mil.
Non Operating Income was 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 = €0.00 Mil.
Cash Flow from Operations was -0.055 + -0.003 + -0.037 + -0.091 = €-0.19 Mil.
Total Receivables was €0.09 Mil.
Revenue was 0.074 + 0.181 + 0.179 + 0.263 = €0.70 Mil.
Gross Profit was 0.022 + 0.125 + 0.125 + 0.202 = €0.47 Mil.
Total Current Assets was €0.53 Mil.
Total Assets was €0.59 Mil.
Property, Plant and Equipment(Net PPE) was €0.05 Mil.
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization(DDA) was €0.04 Mil.
Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) was €0.13 Mil.
Total Current Liabilities was €0.16 Mil.
Long-Term Debt & Capital Lease Obligation was €0.01 Mil.




1. DSRI = Days Sales in Receivables Index

Measured as the ratio of Revenue in Total Receivables in year t to year t-1.

A large increase in DSR could be indicative of revenue inflation.

DSRI=(Receivables_t / Revenue_t) / (Receivables_t-1 / Revenue_t-1)
=(0.064 / 0.32) / (0.091 / 0.697)
=0.2 / 0.13056
=1.5319

2. GMI = Gross Margin Index

Measured as the ratio of gross margin in year t-1 to gross margin in year t.

Gross margin has deteriorated when this index is above 1. A firm with poorer prospects is more likely to manipulate earnings.

GMI=GrossMargin_t-1 / GrossMargin_t
=(GrossProfit_t-1 / Revenue_t-1) / (GrossProfit_t / Revenue_t)
=(0.474 / 0.697) / (0.125 / 0.32)
=0.680057 / 0.390625
=1.7409

3. AQI = Asset Quality Index

AQI is the ratio of asset quality in year t to year t-1.

Asset quality is measured as the ratio of non-current assets other than Property, Plant and Equipment to Total Assets.

AQI=(1 - (CurrentAssets_t + PPE_t) / TotalAssets_t) / (1 - (CurrentAssets_t-1 + PPE_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=(1 - (0.217 + 0.016) / 0.233) / (1 - (0.532 + 0.053) / 0.587)
=0 / 0.003407
=0

4. SGI = Sales Growth Index

Ratio of Revenue in year t to sales in year t-1.

Sales growth is not itself a measure of manipulation. However, growth companies are likely to find themselves under pressure to manipulate in order to keep up appearances.

SGI=Sales_t / Sales_t-1
=Revenue_t / Revenue_t-1
=0.32 / 0.697
=0.4591

5. DEPI = Depreciation Index

Measured as the ratio of the rate of Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization in year t-1 to the corresponding rate in year t.

DEPI greater than 1 indicates that assets are being depreciated at a slower rate. This suggests that the firm might be revising useful asset life assumptions upwards, or adopting a new method that is income friendly.

DEPI=(Depreciation_t-1 / (Depreciaton_t-1 + PPE_t-1)) / (Depreciation_t / (Depreciaton_t + PPE_t))
=(0.038 / (0.038 + 0.053)) / (0.039 / (0.039 + 0.016))
=0.417582 / 0.709091
=0.5889

Note: If the Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization data is not available, we assume that the depreciation rate is constant and set the Depreciation Index to 1.

6. SGAI = Sales, General and Administrative expenses Index

The ratio of Selling, General, & Admin. Expense(SGA) to Sales in year t relative to year t-1.

SGA expenses index > 1 means that the company is becoming less efficient in generate sales.

SGAI=(SGA_t / Sales_t) / (SGA_t-1 /Sales_t-1)
=(0.136 / 0.32) / (0.125 / 0.697)
=0.425 / 0.17934
=2.3698

7. LVGI = Leverage Index

The ratio of total debt to Total Assets in year t relative to yeat t-1.

An LVGI > 1 indicates an increase in leverage

LVGI=((LTD_t + CurrentLiabilities_t) / TotalAssets_t) / ((LTD_t-1 + CurrentLiabilities_t-1) / TotalAssets_t-1)
=((0 + 0.086) / 0.233) / ((0.006 + 0.163) / 0.587)
=0.369099 / 0.287905
=1.282

8. TATA = Total Accruals to Total Assets

Total accruals calculated as the change in working capital accounts other than cash less depreciation.

TATA=(IncomefromContinuingOperations_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(NetIncome_t - NonOperatingIncome_t - CashFlowsfromOperations_t) / TotalAssets_t
=(-0.401 - 0 - -0.186) / 0.233
=-0.922747

An M-Score of equal or less than -1.78 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator. An M-Score of greater than -1.78 signals that the company is likely to be a manipulator.

01 Communique Laboratory has a M-score of -7.18 suggests that the company is unlikely to be a manipulator.


01 Communique Laboratory Beneish M-Score Related Terms

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01 Communique Laboratory (FRA:DFK) Business Description

Traded in Other Exchanges
Address
789 Don Mills Road, Suite No. 700, Toronto, ON, CAN, M3C 1T5
01 Communique Laboratory Inc focuses on cybersecurity with its IronCAP patent-pending cryptographic system, which operates on conventional computer systems and is designed to protect users and enterprises against the ever-evolving illegitimate and malicious means of gaining access to their data not only today but also in the future as quantum computers appear. Based on improved code-based encryption it is designed to be faster and more secure than current standards. As well, the company's legacy business provides customers with secure remote access marketed under its I'm InTouch, I'm OnCall and I'm InTouch Meeting suite of services and products protected by patents. It derives a majority of its revenue from Japan.

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