Graham Number is a figure that measures a stock's fundamental value by taking into account the company's earnings per share and book value per share. The Graham number is the upper bound of the price range that a defensive investor should pay for the stock. According to the theory, any stock price below the Graham number is considered undervalued, and thus worth investing in.
The historical rank and industry rank for Electronics for Imaging's Graham Number or its related term are showing as below:
EFII's Price-to-Graham-Number is not ranked *
in the Hardware industry.
Industry Median: 1.53 * Ranked among companies with meaningful Price-to-Graham-Number only.
Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation. It is a very conservative way of valuing a stock.
Electronics for Imaging Graham Number Historical Data
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Competitive Comparison of Electronics for Imaging's Graham Number
For the Computer Hardware subindustry, Electronics for Imaging's Price-to-Graham-Number, along with its competitors' market caps and Price-to-Graham-Number data, can be viewed below:
* Competitive companies are chosen from companies within the same industry, with headquarter located in same country, with closest market capitalization; x-axis shows the market cap, and y-axis shows the term value; the bigger the dot, the larger the market cap. Note that "N/A" values will not show up in the chart.
Electronics for Imaging's Price-to-Graham-Number Distribution in the Hardware Industry
For the Hardware industry and Technology sector, Electronics for Imaging's Price-to-Graham-Number distribution charts can be found below:
* The bar in red indicates where Electronics for Imaging's Price-to-Graham-Number falls into.
Electronics for Imaging Graham Number Calculation
Graham Number is a concept based on Ben Graham's conservative valuation of companies.
Electronics for Imaging's Graham Number for the fiscal year that ended in Dec. 2018 is calculated as
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Electronics for Imaging (NAS:EFII) Graham Number Explanation
Ben Graham actually did not publish a formula like this. But he wrote in The Intelligent Investor (1948 version) regarding to the criteria for purchases:
Current price should not be more than 15 times average earnings of the past three years.
Current price should not be more than 1.5 times the book value last reported. However, a multiplier of earnings below 15 could justify a correspondingly higher multiplier of assets. As a rule of thumb we suggest that the product of the multiplier times the ratio of price to book value should not exceed 22.5. (This figure corresponds to 15 times earnings and 1.5 times book value. It would admit an issue selling at only 9 times earnings and 2.5 times asset value, etc.)
Unlike valuation methods such as DCF or Discounted Earnings, the Graham number does not take growth into the valuation. Unlike the valuation methods based on book value alone, it takes into account the earnings power. Therefore, the Graham Number is a combination of asset valuation and earnings power valuation.
In general, the Graham number is a very conservative way of valuing a stock. It cannot be applied to companies with negative book values.
Electronics for Imaging's Price to Graham number Ratio for today is calculated as
Price to Graham number
=
Share Price (Today)
/
Graham number (Q: Mar. 2019 )
=
36.97
/
N/A
=
N/A
* For Operating Data section: All numbers are indicated by the unit behind each term and all currency related amount are in USD. * For other sections: All numbers are in millions except for per share data, ratio, and percentage. All currency related amount are indicated in the company's associated stock exchange currency.
Be Aware
Please keep these in mind:
1. Graham Number does not take growth into account. Therefore it underestimates the values of the companies that have good earnings growth. We feel that if the earnings per share grows more than 10% a year, Graham Number underestimates the value.
2. Graham Number punishes the companies that have temporarily low earnings. Therefore, an average of earnings makes more sense in the calculation of Graham Number.
3. Graham Numbers underestimates companies that are light with book.
Electronics for Imaging Graham Number Related Terms
Thank you for viewing the detailed overview of Electronics for Imaging's Graham Number provided by GuruFocus.com. Please click on the following links to see related term pages.
Electronics for Imaging (Electronics for Imaging) Business Description
Electronics for Imaging provides digital printing services to printer manufacturers, commercial photo labs, sign shops, and billboard graphics providers. The firm operates in three segments: industrial inkjet, which provides eponymous printers to markets undergoing conversion of production from analog to digital; productivity software, which provides products to manage and streamline printing operations; and Fiery, which provides digital front ends to transform printers into networked devices for commercial and industrial use. Roughly half of the firm's revenue is generated in the United States, with the rest coming from Europe, Middle East, and Africa, and Asia-Pacific.
Quick Browse
Personalize
Premium Gurus 
Create New Portfolio
Portfolio Contest
EFII has been successfully added to your 